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01 · Tanzania · Arusha · Northern Tanzania

Ngorongoro Crater

The largest intact caldera on Earth: more than 25,000 animals on 260 square kilometres (100 sq mi), an entrance fee per person per day, a crater fee per vehicle, and descents only until 16:00.

Photo: Giles Laurent ↗ · CC BY-SA 4.0 ↗

Ngorongoro Crater at a glance · PDF, 2 pages

The bowl that is charged per vehicle

A caldera where the gates open at six, the descents close at four, and with a fee that self-drivers rarely plan for, documented by the management authority.

The Ngorongoro Crater is the largest intact caldera on Earth: a floor of 260 square kilometres (100 sq mi), 610 metres (2,001 ft) deep, with more than 25,000 animals, most of which never leave. It is not a national park but the heart of a conservation area, where the Maasai live with their herds and a dedicated authority makes the rules.

Around 2.5 million years ago a volcano as big as Kilimanjaro collapsed in on itself. The basin that remained has grassland, swamps, a soda lake and a fever tree forest, and because there is water all year, the animals stay: buffalo, black rhinos, old elephant bulls, hippos and, according to UNESCO, the densest known lion population. There are no giraffes; the walls are too steep for them.

What a visit costs is set out in the authority's tariff list: US$70.80 per person per day for visitors from outside East Africa, plus US$47.20 for a foreign-registered vehicle and, the special feature, US$295 per vehicle for each descent into the crater. Each permit is valid for a single entry within 24 hours. Day trips from Arusha include all this in the price; if you drive yourself, you pay at the gate, and the authority asks you to pay online in advance.

The day has fixed limits. The gates of the conservation area open at 6:00 and close at 18:00, the descents into the crater close at 16:00, and every vehicle must be back up by 18:00. Only four-wheel-drive vehicles of up to 3.5 tonnes with a licensed guide may go down to the floor, no more than five at a sighting, 25 metres (82 ft) away, and nobody gets out. Walking is prohibited in the crater and allowed on the rim, in Empakaai and in Olmoti only with an armed ranger.

The conservation area is more than the crater. In the west lie Olduvai Gorge, where the Leakeys found Zinjanthropus and Homo habilis, the migrating ash dune of Shifting Sands, and Laetoli with its 3.6-million-year-old footprints; UNESCO listed the area as natural heritage in 1979 and as cultural heritage in 2010. To the north lie the Olmoti and Empakaai craters, and at Ndutu the wildebeest of the great migration calve from December to March.

The Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority has managed the area since 1959 with three tasks: protecting nature and culture, developing tourism and improving the well-being of its residents. Around 20,000 Maasai lived here when the area became World Heritage; farming is prohibited, and their cattle are part of the landscape. They may only be photographed in the designated villages.

NCAA: Ngorongoro Crater ↗

The park in numbers

Area of the conservation area
809,440 hectares according to UNESCO
Crater floor
260 km² (100 sq mi), 20 km (12.4 mi) across, 610 m (2,001 ft) deep
Animals in the crater
more than 25,000
Entrance fee
US$70.80 per person per day
Crater fee
US$295 per vehicle per descent
Gates
6:00 to 18:00, crater 6:00 to 16:00
Protected since
1959
World Heritage since
1979, cultural heritage since 2010
Management
Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority

Visiting the Ngorongoro Crater: a crater with opening hours

01

Not a national park but a conservation area

The area was set up in 1959 as a multiple land-use conservation area: wildlife and the Maasai with their herds share the land. It is run by its own authority, the Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority, not by Tanzania National Parks. World Heritage Site since 1979, biosphere reserve, and since 2010 also listed for its sites of human origins.

NCAA: about the authority ↗

02

Gates 6:00 to 18:00, crater 6:00 to 16:00

All gates of the conservation area open at 6:00 and close at 18:00. The gates to the crater floor open at 6:00 and close at 16:00; every vehicle must have left the floor by 18:00. Driving is only allowed between 6:00 and 18:00.

NCAA: gate times, payment, weather, access, health ↗

03

Four-wheel drive only, guide only

Only four-wheel-drive vehicles with an unladen weight of up to 3.5 tonnes may go down to the crater floor. Every group in the crater must have a licensed guide or an authority guide on board. Commercial vehicles need a TALA licence; walks are only allowed with an armed ranger.

NCAA: visitor guidelines and procedures ↗

04

Payment is online

The authority asks you to pay online before you arrive: Visa, Mastercard and mobile payment services such as M-Pesa. Both shillings and US dollars are accepted. A permit is valid for a single entry within 24 hours.

NCAA: gate times, payment, weather, access, health ↗

05

Gates and offices

The main gate is Loduare, 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) from Karatu. Other entrances: Naabi on the border with the Serengeti, Endoro near Karatu for the waterfalls and elephant caves, and a gate at Nasera Rock towards Loliondo. Information offices in Arusha, Karatu, at Loduare Gate and at the old headquarters on the crater rim.

NCAA: information centres and gates ↗

06

A long day from Arusha

Kilimanjaro International Airport is 227 kilometres (141 mi) from the conservation area, Arusha Airport 174 (108 mi), the Lake Manyara airstrip 74 (46 mi). Day trips from Arusha therefore start before sunrise and return after dark; Karatu is the closer base.

NCAA: gate times, payment, weather, access, health ↗

02 · Places

Map: places in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area

Gates, descents, lodges, craters and sites with documented locations.

Photo: Zenith4237 ↗ · CC BY-SA 4.0 ↗

Place in the park

The crater floor

Two hundred and sixty square kilometres where you can see almost every large animal East Africa has.

Size
260 km² (100 sq mi), 20 km (12.4 mi) across
Depth
610 m (2,001 ft) below the rim
Animals
more than 25,000, all of the Big Five
Roads
down: Seneto, Lemala; up: Lerai, Lemala

NCAA: Ngorongoro Crater ↗

View from the forested rim of the Ngorongoro Crater in the morning haze across the wide crater floor
Photo: Zenith4237 ↗ · CC BY-SA 4.0 ↗

Place in the park

The crater rim: Loduare, the viewpoint, Simba A

From the main gate to the campsite it is 19 kilometres (11.8 mi) across the forested rim, with the first view into the basin on the way.

Loduare Gate
14 km (8.7 mi) from Karatu, 6:00 to 18:00
Rim altitude
above 2,200 m (7,218 ft), cold at night
Simba A
more than 200 people, US$35.40
Old headquarters
information, fuel station, police

NCAA: information centres and gates ↗

Olduvai Gorge from the museum: dry layers, a red rock tower and a wide plain under clouds
Photo: Noel Feans ↗ · CC BY 2.0 ↗

Place in the park

Olduvai, Shifting Sands, Laetoli

The west of the conservation area holds the reason why it has also been cultural heritage since 2010.

Olduvai
US$35.40 per person
Museum
6 km (3.7 mi) from the main road
Shifting Sands
12 km (7.5 mi) north-west of the museum
Laetoli
3.6-million-year-old footprints, US$23.60

NCAA: Olduvai Gorge ↗

The crater lake of Empakaai between green walls, the cone of Ol Doinyo Lengai on the horizon
Photo: Daniel Msirikale ↗ · CC BY-SA 4.0 ↗

Place in the park

Empakaai and Olmoti

Two craters you explore on foot, with a ranger, north of the Ngorongoro.

Empakaai
8 km (5 mi) across, soda lake, rim up to 3,200 m (10,499 ft)
Olmoti
6.5 km (4 mi) across, 3,080 m (10,105 ft), grassy floor
Access
on foot only, with an armed ranger
Ranger fee
US$23.60 for up to four hours

NCAA: Empakaai Crater ↗

A black rhino in the tall dry grass of the Ngorongoro Crater
Photo: Yoky ↗ · CC BY-SA 3.0 ↗

Place in the park

Lions, rhinos, hyenas

According to UNESCO, the density of predators in the crater is the highest in Africa.

Lions
densest known population
Black rhino
highly endangered, in the crater all year
Others
hyenas, wild dogs, cheetahs, servals
Distance
25 m (82 ft), no more than five vehicles

NCAA: wild animals ↗

Map

27 places on the map

Gates, descents, lodges, craters and sites with documented locations.

Open map3D terrain · details and photos for every place
  • Viewpoints1
  • Mountains & rock6
  • Water3
  • Arrival3
  • Where to stay5
  • History1
  • Nature3
  • Surroundings5

03 · Out and about

Game drives & walks: down into the crater, on foot only on the rim

Game drives in the crater, walks with a ranger, archaeological sites and villages.

Photo: Tasha~visual ↗ · CC BY-SA 4.0 ↗

„Orgirra le kkorongorro, the big bowl: that is what the Maasai called the basin that gave the crater its present name.“

Ngorongoro Crater · Lake Magadi from the rim

Game drives & walks: down into the crater, on foot only on the rim

Game drives in the crater

The descent leads through the highland forest, then comes the floor with grassland, swamps, forest and a soda lake. The authority counts more than 25,000 animals, including all of the Big Five; there are no giraffes. No more than five vehicles at a sighting, 25 metres (82 ft) distance, getting out only at designated sites.

NCAA: activities (game drives, walking, culture, birds) ↗

Walking with a ranger

Walking is prohibited in the crater itself but allowed on the rim and in the other areas: crater rim, Empakaai, Olmoti, Makarot, Lolmalasin, Olduvai, Endoro waterfalls. Every walk needs an armed ranger and advance booking; short walks last up to four hours, long ones longer.

NCAA: activities (game drives, walking, culture, birds) ↗

Olduvai and the museum

The new museum on the gorge rim, six kilometres (3.7 mi) from the main road, shows the Leakeys' finds and the history of the excavations. Add Shifting Sands twelve kilometres (7.5 mi) further on and Laetoli with its 3.6-million-year-old footprints.

NCAA: the new Olduvai Gorge Museum ↗

Cultural bomas

In designated Maasai villages you may visit, take photos and buy things, for US$20 per vehicle. Outside them, photographing residents is prohibited. The authority names the Maasai, the Datoga and the Hadzabe at Lake Eyasi as the communities of the area.

NCAA: cultures – Maasai, Datoga, Hadzabe ↗

Birds

More than 550 species according to the authority, 500 according to UNESCO: flamingos, saddle-billed storks, crowned cranes, kori bustards, ostriches on the plains, turacos and hornbills in the forest. The best time for birds is the wet months, when the migrants are here.

NCAA: activities (game drives, walking, culture, birds) ↗

Balloon, horse, bike

The tariff list includes fees for balloon safaris, horse riding and mountain bike tours; operators book them with their own permits. A hot bush lunch costs US$23.60 per vehicle in permit fees.

NCAA: tariffs (entry, vehicle, crater, camping) ↗

Offer photo: Full-day safari to the Ngorongoro Crater from Arusha

Adventure Bats · Day trip from Arusha · 11 hours

Full-day safari to the Ngorongoro Crater from Arusha

Hotel pick-up in Arusha, drive via Karatu to the crater rim, descent to the floor with a game drive to see rhinos, lions, hippos and flamingos at Lake Magadi, picnic and return in the evening.

  • 11 hours
  • All fees included
  • Lunch and water
  • English-speaking guide

Departure Hotel pick-up in Arusha.

Entrance fees, transport, lunch, water and guide are on the list of inclusions; this covers the vehicle and crater fees. If you want more choice, GetYourGuide mainly offers two- to five-day safaris that include the Serengeti; we have not listed those so far.

View tour ↗Ad · partner link · checked 25 Sep 2026

Provider's product photo · GetYourGuide

Offer photo: Olduvai Gorge and Shifting Sands: private day trip from Arusha

SED Adventures Tours & Safaris Ltd · Viator

Olduvai Gorge and Shifting Sands: private day trip from Arusha

Twelve hours from Arusha via Karatu to the Ngorongoro gate, then to the migrating dune of the Shifting Sands and to Olduvai Gorge, one of the most important sites of early humans, with a talk on site and a picnic. In the afternoon, a stop at the viewpoint above the crater.

  • 12 hours
  • Private tour
  • English
  • Taxes and fees included

Departure Pick-up in Arusha.

Included are taxes and fees, lunch, drinking water and private transport with an English-speaking driver-guide; alcoholic drinks, tips and airport transfer are not. The itinerary does not include a drive down to the crater floor. Free cancellation up to 24 hours in advance.

View tour ↗Ad · partner link · checked 26 Sep 2026

Provider's product photo · Viator

The crater lake of Empakaai between green walls, with the cone of Ol Doinyo Lengai on the horizon

Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA) · Walk with a ranger · authority

Walks with an authority ranger: Empakaai, Olmoti and the crater rim

In the conservation area you only walk with an armed ranger from the authority: along the crater rim, down into Empakaai to the soda lake, up to the rim of Olmoti with a view of the Munge waterfall, onto Makarot or Lolmalasin, at Olduvai Gorge and to the Endoro waterfalls. Walking inside the crater itself is prohibited.

  • short walk up to 4 hours, long walk beyond
  • advance booking only
  • ranger fee per person as per the tariff list
  • Empakaai: about 1 hour down, 2.5 hours up

Meeting point Starting points depend on the destination: Nainokanoka for Olmoti, the rim of Empakaai, the crater rim; book in advance through the authority or your tour operator.

The authority requires an armed ranger and advance booking for every walk. The ranger fee is set out in the authority's tariff list, graded by duration, plus the daily conservation area fee; travel there in your own vehicle or with a tour operator. Best time according to the authority is the dry months from June to December. There is a special campsite on the rim of Empakaai that must be reserved in advance.

Park authority page ↗Park authority programme · no partner link · checked 2 Oct 2026

Landscape image, not a provider photo · Photo: Daniel Msirikale ↗ · CC BY-SA 4.0 ↗

Offer photo: Balloon Safari & Bush Breakfast, Ndutu launch option

Miracle Experience Balloon Safaris · Balloon · Ndutu launch · sunrise

Balloon Safari & Bush Breakfast, Ndutu launch option

About an hour's balloon flight at sunrise, then a sparkling wine toast on landing and breakfast in the bush. Of the four launch sites, only Ndutu lies in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, on the grass plains bordering the Serengeti where the wildebeest calve from late December to March. The other three options launch in the Serengeti.

  • 5 hours, flight about 1 hour
  • Pick-up at camps near Ndutu
  • Breakfast and sparkling wine
  • not under 120 cm, not over 120 kg

Departure Choose the option “Ndutu (Southern Serengeti)” when booking; pick-up at the camps and lodges on the list, including several near Ndutu and at Lake Masek. Arrival at the launch site around 5:45.

Included according to the list: balloon flight, breakfast, sparkling wine after landing, binoculars on board, certificate, tea and coffee, transport from your accommodation to the launch site. Not included: park fees for guests staying at camps and lodges outside the national park; the authority's tariff list sets a separate per-person fee for balloon safaris in the conservation area. Contradictions disclosed: the title names only the Serengeti, while the option describes Ndutu as part of the Ngorongoro Conservation Area; the exclusions say transfers from outside Serengeti National Park are not included, yet the pick-up list includes camps near Ndutu. The product does not say in which months it launches from Ndutu. Not recommended for travellers with back or heart problems or during pregnancy, not for people with impaired mobility; cancelled in bad weather, free cancellation up to 24 hours before.

View tour ↗Ad · partner link · checked 2 Oct 2026

Provider's product photo · Viator

Ad · we may earn a commission if you book through this partner link. Offer details checked 2 Oct 2026. See official ticket information.

Nature: the largest intact caldera on Earth

The crater

Around 2.5 million years ago a volcano the size of Kilimanjaro collapsed. What remained is a basin of 260 square kilometres (100 sq mi), 20 kilometres (12.4 mi) across and 610 metres (2,001 ft) deep. The name comes from the Maasai expression for “big bowl”.

NCAA: Ngorongoro Crater ↗

Why it is World Heritage

UNESCO listed the area in 1979 for its landscape, geology, ecosystem and species, and in 2010 also as cultural heritage: Laetoli, Olduvai and the crater provide a sequence of evidence of human evolution spanning almost four million years. 809,440 hectares, bordering the Serengeti.

UNESCO: World Heritage Site Ngorongoro Conservation Area ↗

The animals

Black rhino, elephant, buffalo, lion, leopard; hyenas, wild dogs, cheetahs; wildebeest, zebras, eland, gazelles, hippos. Apart from giraffes, almost all species occur on the crater floor. UNESCO cites the densest known lion population.

NCAA: wild animals ↗

The migration

More than a million wildebeest, 72,000 zebras and around 350,000 gazelles pass through the area every year and calve on the short-grass plains on the border with the Serengeti. UNESCO calls this an outstanding natural phenomenon.

UNESCO: World Heritage Site Ngorongoro Conservation Area ↗

Olduvai and Laetoli

From the 1930s onwards the Leakeys found Zinjanthropus, Homo habilis and Homo erectus in the layers of the gorge, along with tools 1.6 to 1.8 million years old. At Laetoli, 3.6 million years ago, two ancestors walked through wet volcanic ash. The authority gives the gorge a length of 55 kilometres (34 mi), UNESCO 14.

NCAA: Olduvai Gorge ↗

The neighbouring craters

Olmoti in the north, shallow and grassy, 6.5 kilometres (4 mi) across; Empakaai further east, eight kilometres across, half of it a deep soda lake with flamingos, its rim up to 3,200 metres (10,499 ft). All three belong to the East African Rift, with the active Lengai as a neighbour.

NCAA: Empakaai Crater ↗

Maasai in the conservation area

When the area was listed in 1979, around 20,000 Maasai lived here with 275,000 head of livestock; farming is not permitted. Nobody lived in the crater, in Empakaai or in the forest. UNESCO names population growth, overgrazing and tourism pressure as concerns.

UNESCO: World Heritage Site Ngorongoro Conservation Area ↗

Geopark

Since 2018 the area, together with Lengai, has been a UNESCO Global Geopark, according to the authority the only one in sub-Saharan Africa, with geo-routes to craters, gorges, the Mbozi meteorite and the migrating dune.

NCAA: Ngorongoro-Lengai Geopark ↗

04 · Before you go

Park film and places nearby

Photo: Giles Laurent ↗ · CC BY-SA 4.0 ↗

Film by the management authority

What you need to know about the Ngorongoro Conservation Area (NCA)

A little over eight minutes in English from the channel of the authority that manages the conservation area: the crater, the neighbouring craters, Olduvai, the Maasai and the rules for visiting. Otherwise the channel mostly streams live footage from the crater floor.

Source: Ngorongoro LIVE (Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority) · View channel ↗

Field book · Ngorongoro Crater

checked 25 Sep 2026

Ngorongoro Crater at a glance · PDF, 2 pages ↓

00My visit

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01Best time to visit: open all year, cold at night

What the authority itself says about weather and seasons.

Dry and wet seasons

The rainy season runs from November to May, the dry season from June to October. The authority says the crater is accessible all year, even in the rainy season, thanks to good roads and wildlife that is abundant all year round.

NCAA: gate times, payment, weather, access, health ↗

Three to thirty-five degrees Celsius

Temperatures range from 3 to 35 °C (37 to 95 °F), depending on altitude. It is colder on the crater rim than on the floor, the nights are cold, and June to August is the coldest period. Pack a jumper and a jacket even in summer.

NCAA: gate times, payment, weather, access, health ↗

Wildebeest calving at Ndutu

From late December to March the great migration is on the short-grass plains around Ndutu in the west of the conservation area; this is where the calves are born, and the predators follow.

NCAA: Ndutu Plains ↗

Flamingos at Lake Magadi

The soda lake on the crater floor often holds thousands of lesser flamingos. In the wet months migratory birds from Europe join them: white storks, yellow wagtails, swallows.

NCAA: activities (game drives, walking, culture, birds) ↗

The crater stays full

UNESCO counts around 25,000 large animals in the conservation area and the densest known lion population. Unlike in the Serengeti, buffalo, rhinos and the old elephant bulls stay on the floor all year.

UNESCO: World Heritage Site Ngorongoro Conservation Area ↗

Climate through the year

Weather and climate in the Ngorongoro Crater

Best months by the climate data: May to October. Average daytime highs of 21 to 26 °C, lows of 10 to 13 °C, 5 to 95 mm of precipitation a month. The wettest month is April (190 mm), the driest July (5 mm).

Climate chart in the Ngorongoro CraterAverage daily highs from 21 °C to 26 °C, lows from 10 °C to 14 °C; monthly precipitation from 5 mm to 190 mm.
All monthly values as a table
Monthly averages 2001–2020, NASA POWER model
MonthHigh °CLow °CPrecipitation mm
January23.112.9143
February23.712.9101
March23.313.4153
April22.213.4190
May21.212.195
June21.010.718
July21.69.95
August23.210.613
September25.011.719
October25.512.779
November23.813.6167
December23.013.4151
Year1,134

Modelled values, not a weather station: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) for a grid cell of about 55 × 70 km around the map point Lake Magadi (3.19° S, 35.54° E), with an average cell elevation of about 2,010 m. Averages for 2001–2020. Higher ground and valleys can differ markedly.

Source: NASA POWER, climatology 2001–2020 ↗ · retrieved 3 Oct 2026

02How to get there: via Karatu to Loduare Gate

Road, air and how the timing of a crater day works out.

From Arusha

The road runs from Arusha via Makuyuni and Mto wa Mbu, past Lake Manyara, to Karatu and on to Loduare Gate, 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) beyond Karatu. The authority gives 174 kilometres (108 mi) from Arusha Airport to the conservation area.

NCAA: gate times, payment, weather, access, health ↗

By air

The nearest international airport is Kilimanjaro, 227 kilometres (141 mi) away. There are two airstrips in the conservation area: one on the crater rim next to Simba A campsite, one at Ndutu. Landing fees per aircraft are in the tariff list.

NCAA: gate times, payment, weather, access, health ↗

From the Serengeti

Coming from the Serengeti, you pass Naabi Gate on the border between the two areas and drive across the plains, past Olduvai, to the crater rim. The conservation area's daily fee applies to the transit.

NCAA: information centres and gates ↗

Descent and ascent roads

Three roads lead into the crater: the Seneto descent in the west, the Lerai ascent in the south and the Lemala road in the east, used in both directions. The descents close at 16:00. Speed limit 50 km/h (31 mph) in the area, 25 km/h (16 mph) in the crater.

NCAA: visitor guidelines and procedures ↗

Fuel and help

There is a fuel station at the old headquarters on the crater rim. The clinic in the area is Endulen Hospital, plus dispensaries; the authority provides an ambulance for transfers to Karatu. Rangers guard the gates around the clock.

NCAA: gate times, payment, weather, access, health ↗

Without your own vehicle

There is no public transport in the conservation area, and commercial vehicles need a licence. In practice that means going with an operator from Arusha, Moshi or Karatu, as a day trip or as one stop on a multi-day safari.

NCAA: visitor guidelines and procedures ↗

Season Master Adventures · Three-day safari from Arusha · small group

3-day Serengeti and Ngorongoro Crater camping safari from Arusha

Day one through the Ngorongoro highlands into the Serengeti with a first game drive, day two in the Serengeti in the morning and a drive to the crater rim, day three down into the crater with a picnic and return to Arusha. Nights in tents at the public campsites Tumbili (Serengeti) and Simba (Ngorongoro), full board with a safari cook, Land Cruiser with a pop-up roof, a maximum of twelve participants.

Departure Pick-up between 6 and 7 in the morning at accommodation in Arusha; drop-off between 17:30 and 18:30 at your accommodation or Arusha Airport.

The list of inclusions explicitly names all park fees, including concession, camping and crater fees. A balloon ride appears as an option on the list of inclusions (“Hot-air balloon adventure (if option selected)”); the page does not say whether it is included in the base price. Not included: insurance, tips, airport transfer on request. You sleep in a tent, not in a lodge. Not suitable for pregnant women.

View tour ↗Ad · partner link · checked 2 Oct 2026

Euphoria Safaris · offer

From Arusha: Ngorongoro Crater day trip with picnic

Ten hours from Arusha, around seven of them in the crater: a game drive where almost all East African species live, including the rare black rhino, with a picnic lunch on the way.

Departure Pick-up within 7 to 10 km (4.3 to 6.2 mi) of central Arusha; further away for a surcharge.

According to the list of inclusions, all taxes and fees, a picnic lunch and water, and a vehicle with binoculars are included; the crater item of the itinerary lists entry as included. Not included: visas and tips. Not recommended during pregnancy. Free cancellation up to 24 hours in advance.

View tour ↗Ad · partner link · checked 26 Sep 2026

WILD TRACKERS ADVENTURES · Day trip from Karatu · private

From Arusha/Karatu: Ngorongoro Crater Day Trip with Lunch

Private game drive in a four-wheel-drive vehicle with a guide: pick-up in Karatu, at Lake Manyara Airport or at Arusha Airport, drive to the crater rim and down to the floor, picnic at a designated site in the crater, and in the afternoon the drive back to your chosen location. From Karatu it is only 14 kilometres to Loduare Gate.

Departure Hotel pick-up in Karatu, at Lake Manyara Airport or at Arusha Airport; drop-off at any of the three.

Included according to the list: safari jeep with guide, all entry and crater fees and government taxes, lunch at the picnic site and mineral water; not included: hotel accommodation, personal expenses, tips. Contradictions on the page: it gives a duration of 12 hours, 10.25 of them in the crater, which only works from Karatu, not from Arusha; the description promises giraffes, which according to the authority do not live in the crater; the key facts say “wheelchair accessible” without explanation.

View tour ↗Ad · partner link · checked 2 Oct 2026

Ad · we may earn a commission if you book through this partner link. Offer details checked 2 Oct 2026. See official ticket information.

03Tickets & entrance fees: US$70.80 per person, US$295 per vehicle and descent

The authority's tariff list; amounts for visitors from outside East Africa.

Entrance fee per person per day

US$70.80 for everyone aged 16 and over, US$23.60 for children aged 5 to 15, free under 5. East Africans pay 11,800 shillings, foreigners resident in Tanzania US$35.40. The permit is valid for a single entry within 24 hours.

NCAA: tariffs (entry, vehicle, crater, camping) ↗

The crater fee

US$295 per vehicle for each descent into the crater, regardless of the number of people. It comes on top of the entrance fee and, like all permits, is valid for one entry only. Day trips include it in the price; if you drive yourself, you pay it at the gate.

NCAA: tariffs (entry, vehicle, crater, camping) ↗

Vehicle fee

Foreign-registered vehicles up to 2,000 kilograms unladen weight pay US$47.20 per day, from 2,001 to 3,000 kilograms US$177. Tanzanian number plates pay 23,600 and 41,300 shillings respectively. A driver with the ID of a registered operator pays 1,770 shillings.

NCAA: tariffs (entry, vehicle, crater, camping) ↗

Camping and lodges

Public campsite US$35.40 per person per night, special campsite US$70.80. If you sleep in a lodge or a permanent tented camp in the conservation area, you also pay a concession fee of US$59 per person per night, children US$11.80.

NCAA: tariffs (entry, vehicle, crater, camping) ↗

Olduvai, Laetoli, walking

Olduvai Gorge and Shifting Sands US$35.40 per person, Laetoli US$23.60. Rangers for walks: US$23.60 for up to four hours, US$29.50 for longer, Endoro trail and elephant caves US$17.70. Cultural boma US$20 per vehicle, sundowner US$5.90 per person.

NCAA: tariffs (entry, vehicle, crater, camping) ↗

Fines

Speeding, leaving the road or parking in the wrong place costs 118,000 shillings per vehicle. Anyone who cheats on fees pays the amount again as a fine. Tariffs may change without notice.

NCAA: tariffs (entry, vehicle, crater, camping) ↗

04Where to stay: eleven lodges, 49 special campsites, one public campsite

Inside the conservation area you sleep on the rim or at Ndutu; outside, in Karatu.

Lodges on the crater rim

The authority counts eleven lodges in the conservation area; five of the six large ones stand on the crater rim with a view into the basin, one is at Ndutu. There are also tented lodges at Ndutu, at Olduvai Gorge and at Esirwa on the way to Laetoli. The authority's concession fee is added for every night.

NCAA: accommodation, lodges and campsites ↗

Simba A

The only public campsite, 19 kilometres (11.8 mi) from Loduare Gate on the crater rim, for more than 200 people, US$35.40 per person per night. Nights here are cold, and animals pass through the camp.

NCAA: accommodation, lodges and campsites ↗

Special campsites

49 remote sites without facilities, US$70.80 per person per night. They must be reserved and paid for in advance; vehicles may only stand in the designated area. Fires only with care; collecting firewood is prohibited.

NCAA: visitor guidelines and procedures ↗

Outside in Karatu

If you sleep outside, you save the concession fee and the daily fee for the night. Karatu is 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) before the gate; the daily fee then counts from your entry in the morning.

NCAA: information centres and gates ↗

05Rules: stay in the vehicle, stay on the road

The authority's rules, backed by fines.

Stay in the vehicle

Outside designated sites, all visitors stay in the vehicle. Do not attract or feed animals, no animal calls, no knocking on the bodywork, no horn, no music. At least 25 metres (82 ft) distance, no more than five vehicles at a sighting.

NCAA: visitor guidelines and procedures ↗

No off-road driving

Driving off the roads is prohibited and costs 118,000 shillings; that is why the authority recommends cameras with telephoto lenses. Speed limit 50 km/h (31 mph), 25 km/h (16 mph) in the crater.

NCAA: visitor guidelines and procedures ↗

Plastic bags, litter, fire

Plastic bags are banned in the conservation area. Cigarette packets, lunch boxes and tissues stay in the vehicle until you reach the lodge. No open fires except when camping, and then put out carefully.

NCAA: visitor guidelines and procedures ↗

Inspections

People, bags and vehicles may be searched at the gate and inside the area; the authority can refuse items. Permits must be shown on request. Drones and commercial filming need a permit.

NCAA: visitor guidelines and procedures ↗

Altitude and cold

The crater rim is above 2,200 metres (7,218 ft), the Empakaai rim up to 3,200 (10,499 ft). At night temperatures drop to a few degrees; the authority recommends a jumper and a jacket, and in summer light clothing with a warm layer.

NCAA: gate times, payment, weather, access, health ↗

People

Residents are not photographed, except in the cultural bomas. Pets are prohibited. If you ignore rangers' instructions you risk fines; the authority accepts no liability for damage.

NCAA: visitor guidelines and procedures ↗

06Frequently asked questions: Ngorongoro Crater

How much does it cost to visit the Ngorongoro Crater?

US$70.80 per person per day from age 16 and US$23.60 for children aged 5 to 15, plus US$295 per vehicle for each descent into the crater and a vehicle fee of US$47.20 for foreign-registered vehicles up to two tonnes. Each permit is valid for a single entry within 24 hours.

NCAA: tariffs (entry, vehicle, crater, camping) ↗

What are the Ngorongoro gate opening hours?

All gates of the conservation area are open from 6:00 to 18:00. The gates to the crater floor open at 6:00 and close at 16:00; every vehicle must have left the crater by 18:00. Driving is only allowed between 6:00 and 18:00.

NCAA: gate times, payment, weather, access, health ↗

Can you self-drive in the Ngorongoro Crater?

Yes, but only in a four-wheel-drive vehicle up to 3.5 tonnes unladen weight, with a licensed or authority guide on board; private vehicles do not need a TALA licence, commercial ones do. The crater fee of US$295 per vehicle and the entrance fee are best paid online in advance.

NCAA: visitor guidelines and procedures ↗

How far is the Ngorongoro Crater from Arusha?

The authority gives 174 kilometres (108 mi) from Arusha Airport and 227 (141 mi) from Kilimanjaro International Airport to the conservation area; the main Loduare Gate is 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) beyond Karatu. A day trip from Arusha therefore starts before sunrise.

NCAA: gate times, payment, weather, access, health ↗

Can you hike in the Ngorongoro Crater?

No. Walking is prohibited in the crater but allowed on the crater rim, in Empakaai, in Olmoti and in other areas, always with an armed ranger and advance booking. Short walks of up to four hours cost US$23.60 in ranger fees, long ones US$29.50.

NCAA: Ngorongoro Crater ↗

Where can I stay at the Ngorongoro Crater?

In one of the eleven lodges, five of them on the crater rim, at one of the 49 special campsites, or at Simba A, the only public campsite, on the rim. Lodges inside the area cost an extra US$59 concession fee per person per night; Karatu, outside the gate, is the alternative.

NCAA: accommodation, lodges and campsites ↗

What is the best time to visit the Ngorongoro Crater?

Any time of year: the authority says the crater is accessible all year round. The dry season runs from June to October, the rainy season from November to May; the wildebeest calve at Ndutu from late December to March, and migratory birds arrive in the wet months. Nights are always cold, coldest from June to August.

NCAA: gate times, payment, weather, access, health ↗

Is Ngorongoro a national park?

No, it is a multiple land-use conservation area, established in 1959, where the Maasai live with their herds. It is managed by its own authority, not by Tanzania National Parks. World Heritage Site since 1979, cultural heritage since 2010, biosphere reserve and geopark.

NCAA: about the authority ↗

Can I take photos of the Maasai?

Only in the designated cultural bomas, where entry is US$20 per vehicle. Outside them, photographing residents is prohibited.

NCAA: visitor guidelines and procedures ↗

What animals can you see in the Ngorongoro Crater?

Lions, black rhinos, elephants, buffalo and, with luck, leopards; plus hyenas, jackals, hippos, zebras, wildebeest, eland, gazelles and warthogs, and flamingos at Lake Magadi. There are no giraffes in the crater.

NCAA: wild animals ↗

What is not allowed in the Ngorongoro Crater?

Getting out outside designated sites, driving off the road, more than five vehicles at a sighting, feeding or attracting animals, noise, plastic bags, open fires, collecting firewood, pets, drones without a permit, and photos of residents outside the bomas.

NCAA: visitor guidelines and procedures ↗

Why are there no giraffes in the Ngorongoro Crater?

Because the crater walls are too steep for them. Almost every other large animal of East Africa lives on the crater floor, but giraffes are missing, and so are impalas.

NCAA: Ngorongoro Crater ↗

What is special about the Ngorongoro Crater?

It is the largest intact caldera on Earth: a floor of 260 square kilometres (100 sq mi), 610 metres (2,001 ft) deep, with more than 25,000 animals, most of which never leave. UNESCO lists the area as World Heritage for its landscape, geology, ecosystem and species, and since 2010 also for the evidence of human evolution at Olduvai and Laetoli.

UNESCO: World Heritage Site Ngorongoro Conservation Area ↗

What should I wear to the Ngorongoro Crater?

Layers. The authority recommends a jumper and a jacket, and in summer light clothing with a warm layer: the crater rim is above 2,200 metres (7,218 ft), and the nights are cold, coldest from June to August.

NCAA: gate times, payment, weather, access, health ↗

07Sources and last checked

Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA) and UNESCO. Check fees and times there before you travel; the authority reserves the right to make changes without notice.

  1. Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA): home page ↗
  2. NCAA: tariffs (entry, vehicle, crater, camping) ↗
  3. NCAA: visitor guidelines and procedures ↗
  4. NCAA: gate times, payment, weather, access, health ↗
  5. NCAA: Ngorongoro Crater ↗
  6. NCAA: about the authority ↗
  7. NCAA: accommodation, lodges and campsites ↗
  8. NCAA: activities (game drives, walking, culture, birds) ↗
  9. NCAA: information centres and gates ↗
  10. NCAA: Olduvai Gorge ↗
  11. NCAA: the new Olduvai Gorge Museum ↗
  12. NCAA: Empakaai Crater ↗
  13. NCAA: Olmoti Crater ↗
  14. NCAA: Shifting Sands ↗
  15. NCAA: Ndutu Plains ↗
  16. NCAA: Laetoli footprints ↗
  17. NCAA: wild animals ↗
  18. NCAA: Ngorongoro-Lengai Geopark ↗
  19. NCAA: Northern Highland Forest Reserve ↗
  20. NCAA: cultures – Maasai, Datoga, Hadzabe ↗
  21. NCAA: conservation ↗
  22. NCAA: help desk and hotline ↗
  23. UNESCO: World Heritage Site Ngorongoro Conservation Area ↗

How current is this information?

Researched 25 Sep 2026. Not a live status. Dates apply only to the year stated. A successful automatic fetch is not an editorial confirmation; outdated automatic values are hidden and replaced by the source link.

Current information from the park ↗

Image and map credits

Location sources: The locations of the places come from OpenStreetMap, each backed by its object address. The points are for orientation and do not replace a map from the authority. Markers do not imply that access is permitted. Base map © OpenStreetMap contributors. Coastlines of the chapter map: Natural Earth.

End of the field book · Park authority ↗