Gros Morne National Park: landscape and origins
Gros Morne has been a national park since 1973 and covers 1,805 square kilometres (697 sq mi) on Newfoundland’s west coast — a section of the Western Newfoundland Highlands and the eastern part of the St. Lawrence Lowlands.
The park is the only national park representing the Western Newfoundland Highlands and the largest protected area in this natural region. According to the park authority, it includes 284 kilometres (176 mi) of varied coastline, a climate shaped by the Gulf of St. Lawrence and a landscape formed by glaciations over the last two million years.
The result is great diversity: Arctic-alpine tundra on the plateau, boreal forest with balsam fir on the slopes and in the valleys, extensive serpentine barrens and large wetlands. Almost half of the park is forest.
Because it is an island, Newfoundland has only fourteen native land mammals and no native amphibians or reptiles. Over thousands of years, many species have developed into distinct subspecies. Introduced species such as moose put them under pressure.
Since 2020, spruce budworm has been spreading in the park, a native moth whose caterpillars strip firs and spruces bare. After a review by 14 experts and a public consultation, the park authority decided not to include the park in the provincial spraying programme: such outbreaks are part of the natural cycle of the boreal forest.
In 1987 Gros Morne became a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The decisive factors were its exceptional natural beauty and rock formations such as the Tablelands, Green Point, Green Gardens and Western Brook Pond, which show important stages in the Earth’s history.
The park in numbers
- Established
- 1973
- Area
- 1,805 km² (697 sq mi)
- UNESCO World Heritage Site
- since 1987
- Highest point
- Gros Morne, 806 m (2,644 ft)
- Coastline
- 284 km (176 mi) (park authority conservation page)
- Trails
- over 100 km (62 mi)
- Campgrounds
- 5 campgrounds with 236 sites
- Moose
- peak of 7,800 animals in 1995, managed since 2011
- Red chairs
- idea from 2011, 16 sets in the park








